When Ethernet switched to UTP cable, it changed from what architecture to what?

The transition of Ethernet from using coaxial cables in a bus topology to utilizing unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cables in a star topology marks a significant evolution in networking architecture. This change allowed for improved performance and reliability in network communications.

In a bus topology, all devices share the same communication line, and data packets are broadcast to all nodes; this can lead to collisions and a decrease in network efficiency as more devices are added. The shift to a star topology, where each device is connected to a central switch or hub, eliminates the risks of collisions, since data only needs to travel to the central point before being directed to the intended device. This centralized design also simplifies troubleshooting and enhances signal integrity, as a failure in one connection does not impact the entire network.

Moreover, the utilization of UTP cables, which provide better data transmission rates and are less susceptible to interference compared to coaxial cables, further contributed to the robustness of the network. This combination of UTP cabling and star topology became the standard for Ethernet networking, allowing for scalability and improved performance across various types of installations.