During wiremap testing, which fault indicates a misconfiguration of pairs?

A split pair occurs when two wires from different pairs are connected together at one end, rather than maintaining their original pairing throughout the connection. This results in a misconfiguration because the pairs are designed to work together to reduce crosstalk and maintain proper signal quality. In a properly configured twisted pair cable, the wires in each pair are twisted together to optimize performance for differential signals, which are important for canceling out electromagnetic interference.

When split pairs occur, it disrupts the intended pairing, causing the pairs to be treated as if they are part of different signal paths. This misconfiguration can lead to significant degradation in data transmission quality, as the effective cancellation of crosstalk is lost, and the cable will not perform to its rated specifications. This issue will be detected during wiremap testing, which checks the integrity of the cable configuration and can identify such faults as split pairs.

Other types of faults, like open cables or short circuits, may indicate physical damage or complete failure of connectivity but do not directly relate to the misconfiguration of pairs in the way that a split pair does. Signal loss, while also a possible outcome of poor wiring, does not specifically pinpoint the misconfiguration issue presented by split pairs.